Ashutosh Pandey · notes from the field

Building a school-based EHR for 120,000 students, from a blueprint.

A first-of-its-kind Medicaid billing infrastructure, designed and operationalized from a blank page in twenty-four months — and what it took to make a school district sound, on paper, like a healthcare provider.

Client
California county education office
Program
CYBHI & Medi-Cal BOP
Period
2023 – Present
Role
Director, RCM & Health IT

In late 2023, California's $4B Children and Youth Behavioral Health Initiative needed something the state had never built before: a way for school districts to deliver — and bill for — Medicaid-covered behavioral health services at scale. This is what it took to build the infrastructure underneath that ambition.

The context.

California's Children and Youth Behavioral Health Initiative is one of the largest public investments in youth mental health in US history. The program's premise is simple in language and unprecedented in operations: meet kids where they are — at school — and pay providers to serve them through the same Medicaid plumbing that funds hospitals and clinics.

The trouble is that schools are not healthcare providers. Local Education Agencies — county offices, school districts, charter networks — do not have Electronic Health Records, Charge Description Masters, payer enrollment apparatus, claim-scrubbing logic, or denial-management teams. They have student information systems and instructional staff. The gap between those two worlds is the problem this engagement existed to close.

What had to be built.

The mandate covered ten Local Education Agencies serving roughly 120,000 students, with the obligation to bill cleanly against the CYBHI fee schedule, the Medi-Cal Billing Option Payment program, and the School-based Medi-Cal Administrative Activities (SMAA) program. There was no precedent system to copy. The build had to be done while the field of providers — counselors, social workers, behavioral health specialists — was still being hired.

The work fell into four layers, designed and stood up in parallel:

Layer 01 — The EHR
A custom Electronic Health Record on Salesforce Health Cloud.

Designed from a blueprint covering system architecture, UI/UX, user roles, and business logic. The system supports providers, clinical supervisors, billing coordinators, administrators, and LEA business officials — each with role-based dashboards calibrated to what they actually need to see. Seven dashboards in total, each born from a real conversation about what the work looks like.

Layer 02 — The Data Foundation
An Azure SQL data warehouse, designed to make the numbers trustworthy.

Co-designed the data hierarchy, ETL pipelines, and the analytics layer feeding executive and operational dashboards. The warehouse handles claims, eligibility, encounter, and reimbursement data — and was deliberately built so that the same numbers would show up the same way whether a county business official, a state auditor, or a clinical supervisor was looking.

Layer 03 — The Billing Infrastructure
CDM, claims scrubbing, and 837P billing workflows from zero.

Established a Charge Description Master, claims-scrubbing logic, reimbursement-rate tables, and full 837P billing workflows for three different programs simultaneously: the CYBHI multi-payer fee schedule, Medi-Cal BOP, and SMAA. Each program has its own rules, its own forms, its own gotchas — and providers do not have the luxury of caring which is which. The system has to.

Layer 04 — The Human Layer
Helpdesk, training, FAQs, and a continuous-improvement governance loop.

No EHR survives contact with its users unless someone is on the other end of the help line. Built the helpdesk function, the training and FAQ library, the user manuals — and instituted a standing enhancement-and-bug-fix governance process so the system keeps getting better instead of slowly worse.

Most EHR projects fail not because the technology is wrong, but because no one stayed in the room long enough to learn what the people using it actually needed. — a lesson learned the slow way

The system, in brief.

Architecture & Stack
  • EHR Platform Salesforce Health Cloud (custom build)
  • Data Warehouse Azure SQL with custom ETL pipelines
  • Claims Submission 837P via Availity clearinghouse
  • Payment Reconciliation Carelon TPA and Medi-Cal
  • Programs Covered CYBHI fee schedule · Medi-Cal BOP · SMAA
  • Compliance HIPAA · Medi-Cal · No Surprises Act
  • Coverage 10 Local Education Agencies · 120,000+ students
  • Team 15-person multi-disciplinary group across billing, claims, provider data, helpdesk

What the numbers say.

24 mo.
From Blueprint to Operations
90%
Clean-Claim Rate
24,000/yr
Annual Claim Run Rate

The numbers above are presented for what they are: directional indicators of a system that works, not the final measure of it. A 90% clean-claim rate is a meaningful threshold for a Medi-Cal billing operation — particularly one running against three programs simultaneously, on a platform that did not exist two years ago.

The other measure — harder to quantify but more important — is that ten LEAs now have a way to fund the people doing the work. A district that hires a counselor knows the claim will go through. A county business official can answer the question "did we get paid for that?" without a forensic exercise. That is what the system is for.

What it taught me.

Build the help desk first. Not last. The conversations there shape the system more than any requirements document. People will tell the help desk what they cannot tell a survey.
Role-based dashboards are not a feature; they are a posture. The provider, the billing coordinator, and the business official are different people with different questions. A system that serves them all with the same screen serves none of them.
The Charge Description Master is a translation, not a list. It translates what providers do into what payers can pay for. Treating it as a spreadsheet of codes is how revenue leakage gets built into the foundation.
Schools are not hospitals, and pretending otherwise breaks the model. The CYBHI work succeeded to the extent that the system met educators where they were — with language, workflows, and reporting calibrated to how they actually do their jobs, not how a hospital does its.
Twenty-four months is fast. Faster than it looks from the inside. The team that built this did so on a schedule that left no room for sentimental architecture decisions. Every choice had to earn its keep.

The work continues. The system gets better. The next chapters — adding LEAs, expanding programs, integrating more deeply with the state's data infrastructure — are still being written.